Computer-Integrated Method of Object Detection by Thermal Polarimetric Imager
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20535/RADAP.2021.85.21-26Keywords:
remote sensing, thermal imager, infrared polarimetryAbstract
Introduction. A simplified mathematical model of infrared radiation transformation and analysis in thermal imagers for different degrees of polarization target environment has been studied.
Theoretic results. Monochromatic radiation, which contains natural and linearly polarized components, is considered. The polarized optical signal model is additive. The state of radiation polarization is described by Stokes vectors. The principles of polarization image formation and their analysis using a rotating polarizer and a phase plate are considered. A matrix radiation detector is installed at the output of the optical system. It converts two-dimensional distribution of radiation intensity into an electrical video signal. This combination of polarimetric and video channels forms a polarimetric thermal imager, which has formed a new promising niche of technical means for remote sensing. An algorithm for signal processing in polarimetric thermal imagers is proposed. It is suposed, that linearly polarized component is more pronounced in the target radiation than in the background radiation. At the stage of analysis of the polarization of the total signal coming from the target environment, the direction of the predominant polarization of the whole image is determined. In the case of observing small targets, this direction coincides with the direction of background polarization. Due to the optical means of cutting the specified polarization component of the signal from the total mixture, most of the background image is eliminated, and the fully polarized component of the target radiation remains largely preserved.
Conclusions. The contrast of the final image of the target on the background increases significantly, the probability of correct detection of the target increases.
References
References
Vollmer M., Mollman K.-P. (2018). Infrared Thermal Imaging. Fundamentals, Research and Applications. Second Edition. WileyVCH: Weinheim, Germany, 788 p. ISBN: 978-3-527-41351-5.
Vollmer M., Henke S., Karstadt S., Mollmann K.-P., Pinno F. (2004). Identification and Suppression of Thermal Reflections in Infrared Thermal Imaging. InfraMation Proceedings, Vol. 5, pp. 287-298.
Peri´c D., Livada B., Peri´c M. and Vuji´c S. (2019). Thermal Imager Range: Predictions, Expectations, and Reality. Sensors, Vol. 19(15), 3313, pp. 1–23. DOI:10.3390/s19153313.
Tooley R. D. (1990). Man-Made Target Detection Using Infrared Polarization. Proc. SPIE, Polarization considerations for optical systems II, Vol. 1166, pp. 52-60. DOI:10.1117/12.962878.
Sadjadi F. A., Chun C. S. L. (2003). Automatic detection of small objects from their infrared state-of-polarization vectors. Optics letters, Vol. 28, No. 7, pp. 531-533. DOI:10.1364/OL.28.000531.
Zhang Y., Shi Z. G., Qiu T. W. (2017). Infrared small target detection method based on decomposition of polarization information. Journal of Electronic Imaging, Vol. 26, No. 3. DOI: 10.1117/1.JEI.26.3.033004.
Jian Gong, Liang Liu, Youjin He. (2018). The infrared polarization characteristics of ship-target in marine environment. Optical Sensing and Imaging Technologies and Applications, 108460W, pp. 1-10. DOI:10.1117/12.2504055.
Goldstein D. H. (2011). Polarized Light. Third edition. CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group. London New York, 786 p. DOI: 10.1201/b10436.
Schuster N., Kolobrodov V. G. (2004). Infrarotthermographie. Zweite, überarbeitete und erweiterte Ausgabe. WILEYVCH. Berlin, 354 p. ISBN: 978-3-527-40509-1.
Chrzanowski K. (2010). Testing thermal imagers. Practical guidebook. Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland, 164 p. ISBN: 978-83-61486-81-7.
Kaplan H. (2007). Practical Applications of Infrared Thermal Sensing and Imaging Equipment. 3rd ed. SPIE Press (Washington), 192 p. ISBN: 9780819467232.
Born M., Wolf E. (1999). Principles of Optics: Electromagnetic Theory of Propagation, Interference and Diffraction of Light, 7th edn. Press, Cambridge: Cambridge University, 950 p. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9781139644181.
Zhao Y., Yi C., Kong S. G., Pan Q., Cheng Y. (2016). Multi-ban Polarization Imaging and Applications, Part of the Advances in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. National Defense Industry Press, Beijing and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 194 p. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-49373-1.
Gurton K. P., Yuffa A. J., Videen G. W. (2014). Enhanced facial recognition for thermal imagery using polarimetric imaging. Optics Letters, Vol. 39, No. 13, pp. 3857-3859. DOI: 10.1364/OL.39.003857.
Kolobrodov V. G., Lykholit M. I. (2007). Proektuvannya teploviziynykh i televiziynykh system sposterezhennya [Design of thermal imaging and television surveillance systems]. K.: NTUU «KPI», 364 p. ISBN 966-622-230-2. [In Ukrainian].
Liu M., Zhang X., Liu T., Shi G., et al. (2019). On-Orbit Polarization Calibration for Multichannel Polarimetric Camera. Applied Science, Vol.9, No.7. DOI: 10.3390/app9071424.
Zhao Y., Gong P., Pan Q. (2008). Object Detection by Spectropolarimeteric Imagery Fusion. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 46, No. 10, pp. 3337-3345. DOI: 10.1109/TGRS.2008.920467.
Kolobrodov V. G., Mykytenko V. I., Tymchik G. S. (2020). Polyaryzatsiyna model' teplokontrastnykh ob'yektiv sposterezhennya [Polarization model of thermal contrast objects of observation]. Termoelektryka, No. 1, pp. 36-52. ISSN 1726-7714. [In Ukrainian].
Karpenko I. V., Kolobrodov V. G., Sokol B. V. (2018). Polyaryzatsiynyy metod vyyavlennya teplo kontrastnoyi tsili na foni zavad [Polarization method for detecting heat contrast target against the background of interference]. Visnyk KhNU, seriya: Tekhnichni nauky, No.1, pp. 33–37. ISSN 2307-5732. [In Ukrainian].
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Володимир Микитенко
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
