Wideband Orthomode Duplexer Based on Double-Ridged Transition for Dual-Polarized Satellite Antennas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20535/RADAP.2025.100.%25pKeywords:
electromagnetic waves, microwave engineeringє, orthomode duplexer, polarization, satellite systemsAbstract
The article describes the development of a wide-band orthomode duplexer for dual-polarization satellite antennas and optimization of the device’s characteristics in case of propagation of fundamental electromagnetic waves in it. The structure of a duplexer is based on a double-ridged waveguide transition, which provides a high level of separation of operating electromagnetic waves with perpendicular linear polarizations. Computer three-dimensional models of waveguide components and complete structure of the orthomode duplexer were created for an adequate and sufficiently accurate description of the physical wave processes that occur during the propagation of electromagnetic waves in the developed device. In addition to the double-ridged transition, the structure of a duplexer includes several types of waveguide bends in the E-plane, a stepped waveguide junction of three sections, and a waveguide tee in the E-plane. Using the developed models, a parametric optimization of the geometric dimensions of individual waveguide components and complete structure of the orthomode duplexer was performed to ensure high-quality matching and effective isolation of ports with perpendicular linear polarizations in the operating frequency range of 10.7–12.8 GHz. The characteristics were simulated using the finite element method in the frequency domain. The trust region framework was used to perform parametric optimization of the characteristics. As a result, effective matching of waveguide structure of the orthomode duplexer was obtained with calculated reflection coefficients of less than −29 dB for both linear polarizations in the entire operating frequency range of 10.7–12.8 GHz. The results of computer simulation show that the decoupling of the ports of the developed device can potentially reach 70 dB. The calculated total losses do not exceed 0.08 dB for the structure made of steel. A wideband orthomode duplexer based on a double-ridged transition can be used in modern antenna systems for terrestrial and satellite telecommunications, as well as in radars.
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