Waveguide Polarizer for Radar and Satellite Systems
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20535/RADAP.2021.86.5-13Keywords:
microwave engineering, satellite systems, waveguide polarizer, diaphragm, post, FEM, FDTD, polarizationAbstract
The article presents the results of the development of a new polarizer for satellite telecommunications and radar systems, which apply polarization signal processing. Antennas of such systems allow operating at a single or at two orthogonal circular polarizations simultaneously. Antennas with circular polarizations provide a series of advantages over radio engineering systems, which include them. For circular polarization the received signal level is constant and independent of orientation of the antenna. In addition, there is no a requirements of accurate angle orientation in the plane perpendicular to the direction of wireless link. The developed in an article polarizer is intended for use in satellite telecommunication and radar systems and it improves the overall performance of the radio engineering system. The device is based on a square waveguide with two posts and one iris and operates in the frequency range from 11.7 GHz to 12.5 GHz. In this work a mathematical model of a waveguide polarizer was developed and its electromagnetic characteristics were illustrated. Among these characteristics, differential phase shift, voltage standing wave ratio, axial ratio, and crosspolar discrimination were investigated. To check the correctness of the results, the characteristics of the mathematical model were compared with the results of modeling the device using the finite element method and finite difference time domain method. The created mathematical model makes it possible to effectively analyze the characteristics versus the variation of structure parameters. These parameters include the size of the wall of a square waveguide, the heights of irises and posts, the distance between them, the thickness of irises and posts. The optimal dimensions of the design elements of a polarizer were obtained. These sizes provide effective polarization characteristics and matching of the polarizer.
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